Backend final year project ideas
Backend final year project ideas from the free Sefism library, each scoped for a single semester with a suggested stack and deliverables.
- 300 project ideas
Ideas and guidance, not finished projects
These are project ideas and scoping guidance, published free for students to use as a starting point. I do not build, write, or sell final-year projects, and I do not complete coursework for anyone. Take an idea, make it yours, and build it.
139 ideas · page 1 of 6
Tamper-Resistant Dynamic Payment QR Display with Voice Confirmation for Small Shops
Printed payment QR stickers at small shops can be covered with a fraudster's sticker, and fake payment screenshots fool busy shopkeepers. Build a small counter device with a screen that shows a fresh, signed QR for each sale, and a speaker that announces confirmed payments only after the shop's own account receives them. Threat-model the attacks, build the device, and test it against sticker swaps and fake confirmations.
Privacy-First Legal Aid Intake and Case Routing for NGO Legal Clinics
NGO legal clinics and university law clinics in Pakistan, India, Nigeria and Kenya take requests by phone, walk-in and WhatsApp, and sensitive details about domestic abuse, labour disputes or police cases end up in personal phones and spreadsheets. Build a secure intake system with a guided form, issue classification into a standard legal taxonomy, routing to the right volunteer lawyer, and strict access control, encryption and audit logs. Threat-model it before writing code.
AI API Spend Attribution per Feature and Customer with Budget Guards
AI features have a cost per request that changes with prompt length, model choice and retries, and a single heavy customer or a bug in an agent loop can burn a month's budget in a day. Build a lightweight library and collector that tag every AI call with feature, customer and model, compute cost from token counts, show cost per feature and per customer, detect unusual spend quickly, and enforce budgets before the bill arrives.
Antenatal Follow-Up Prioritiser: Which Pregnant Women a Health Worker Should Call This Week
A health worker with 150 pregnant women on her list cannot call all of them every week. Build a mobile app and ranking model that suggests who to contact first, based on missed visits, risk factors and engagement history, and measures whether the ranking finds women who would otherwise drop out of antenatal care. The project is about fair, explainable prioritisation under a fixed call budget, not about diagnosing anyone.
District Medicine Stockout Early Warning from SMS Stock Reports at Rural Clinics
Rural clinics run out of essential medicines while a clinic 20 kilometres away has boxes about to expire. Build a system where clinic staff report stock on hand by structured SMS or a tiny web form, and a district dashboard forecasts which clinics will stock out in the next weeks and suggests transfers between clinics. The focus is the district view and forecasting from patchy reports, not a single pharmacy's ledger.
Mobile Money Agent Cash and E-Float Forecasting to Prevent Turned-Away Customers
Mobile money agents in Kenya, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Nigeria lose customers when they run out of cash or electronic float, especially on salary days and before holidays. Build forecasting models for each agent's cash and e-float needs from simulated transaction histories with realistic calendars, and a simple app that tells the agent and the aggregator when and how much to rebalance. Measure how many turned-away transactions the forecasts would prevent.
Closed-Loop Patient Referral Tracking Between Village Health Workers and District Hospitals
When a village health worker refers a patient to a hospital, nobody usually finds out whether the patient arrived, what happened, or whether follow-up is needed. Build an offline-first referral app and a simple hospital desk screen that close the loop: referral slip with a short code, arrival check-in, outcome note and a follow-up task back to the worker. Measure how many referrals get an outcome recorded.
MCP Server for Public Transport Timetables Built on GTFS Feeds
Build a Model Context Protocol server that lets any AI assistant answer real transport questions correctly: next departures, journeys with transfers, service changes and accessibility, all computed from GTFS timetable data rather than guessed by the model. Where a city has no public feed, the team builds one for a route they know, such as a university shuttle or a metro bus line, and publishes it openly.
Arabic Diacritics Reading Tutor with Automatic Tashkeel Feedback for Learners
Learners of Arabic, from schoolchildren in Pakistan and Nigeria to expatriate workers in the Gulf, struggle to read text without short vowel marks (tashkeel). Build a tutor that removes the marks from a passage, asks the learner to add them, and checks the answer against an automatic diacritiser and a verified reference, explaining errors by grammar rule. Measure diacritiser accuracy and whether learners improve.
Roman Urdu Jailbreak and Policy Drift Red Team for Customer Service Chatbots
Customer service chatbots are tested in English, then deployed to users who write in Urdu, Roman Urdu and a mix of all three. Build a red-team harness that checks whether a bot stays inside its own written rules (no promises it cannot keep, no advice outside its remit, no leaking its instructions) when attacked in local languages and code-switched text, and produces a scorecard the business can act on.
USSD and SMS Revision Quizzes for Students on Feature Phones
Many secondary school students in Kenya, Nigeria, Pakistan and Bangladesh have access only to a family feature phone, with no data plan. Build a revision quiz service over USSD menus and SMS that delivers short, syllabus-linked multiple-choice quizzes, adapts to each student's weak topics and gives teachers a web dashboard. Engineer it for USSD's tight limits: short sessions, 160-character screens and dropped connections.
Raast Merchant Payments Integration Kit with Dynamic QR, Request to Pay and Reconciliation
Pakistan's Raast instant payment system supports merchant payments by QR code, alias and request to pay, but small businesses and developers struggle to connect it to their shops and invoices. Build an open integration kit: a simulated payment service provider API modelled on Raast's person-to-merchant flows, a merchant dashboard, dynamic QR generation per order, request-to-pay links and automatic reconciliation of payments to orders. Design it so a real provider's API could replace the simulator later.
Heat Action Plan Alert System with District Thresholds, Voice Messages and Acknowledgements
Cities in South Asia and the Gulf now have heat action plans, but alerts still travel by phone calls and WhatsApp forwards, and nobody knows who received them. Build a multi-channel alert system that reads weather forecasts, applies each district's agreed thresholds, sends staged warnings by SMS, voice call and email to hospitals, schools and field teams in local languages, and tracks acknowledgements and actions taken.
Hidden Instruction Scanner for Documents Before They Enter a RAG Knowledge Base
Build an ingestion-time scanner that inspects PDFs, Word files, web pages and spreadsheets before they are chunked into a RAG knowledge base, and finds text a human cannot see but a model will read: white or tiny text, invisible Unicode, instructions hidden in metadata, alt text and comments. Suspicious files are quarantined with a highlighted preview so a person decides. It closes the door that indirect prompt injection walks through.
Citation-Checked Legal Question Answering over Pakistan Code and India Code
Law students and junior lawyers in Pakistan and India increasingly ask AI tools legal questions, and those tools sometimes cite sections that do not exist or misquote them. Build a retrieval-augmented assistant over official statute text from Pakistan Code or India Code where every answer cites specific sections, and a separate checker verifies that each cited section exists and that quoted text matches the source before the answer is shown. Measure hallucinated citations before and after the checker.
Bangla Writing Feedback Tutor with Spelling and Grammar Error Detection for School Students
Students in Bangladesh and West Bengal write essays and letters in Bangla for exams, but teachers with large classes cannot give detailed feedback on every piece, and mainstream writing assistants offer little or no Bangla support. Build a tutor that marks likely spelling and grammar errors in a student's Bangla text, explains each one in simple Bangla and tracks a student's common mistakes over time. Evaluate it on real student writing marked by teachers.
Production-Ready ASP.NET Core API for Intercity Bus Seat Booking
Most student APIs stop at CRUD. Build an intercity bus seat booking API in ASP.NET Core that is production-ready from day one: safe seat holds under heavy concurrency, health checks, rate limiting, OpenTelemetry traces and metrics, structured logging, problem details errors, migrations, integration tests with real databases and a load test for the Eid travel rush. Publish it as a template others can start from.
Learned LLM Router That Sends Easy Tasks to Cheap Models, with a Cost-Quality Frontier
Many LLM requests are easy enough for a small, cheap model, and a few need a strong, expensive one. Build a router that learns from your own evaluation data which requests need which model, compare it with simple rules and with always using one model, and plot the cost-quality frontier so a team can pick an operating point. Include cost tracking per request and a fallback when the cheap answer looks weak.
One App, Three Databases: Benchmarking PostgreSQL, MongoDB and SQLite on a Real School Workload
Students pick a database because a tutorial used it. Build the same school management backend (admissions, attendance, fees, results) on PostgreSQL, MongoDB and SQLite, generate a realistic workload, and compare correctness under concurrency, query speed, schema change effort, backups and hosting cost. The result is an evidence-based guide to choosing a database for a typical local business app.
University Exam Timetable and Invigilator Planner Benchmarked on ITC 2007 Datasets
Every semester, exam offices build timetables by hand and students end up with clashes, three papers in a row or exams in rooms that are too small, while invigilator duties are shared unfairly. Build an exam scheduler that assigns exams to slots and rooms, spreads each student's papers, assigns invigilators fairly, and is tested on the public ITC 2007 examination benchmark before being run on your own university's anonymised data.
Data Contract and Schema Drift Checker for Event Pipelines
When an app team renames a field or changes a type, the analytics pipeline downstream breaks quietly and dashboards show wrong numbers for weeks. Build a tool that lets producers and consumers agree a data contract in a standard YAML format, checks every pull request and every batch of events against it, explains breaking changes before they ship, and tells the right people what will break.
FAO-56 Irrigation Scheduling Advisor for Small Farms Using Weather Forecasts
Build a web and SMS advisor that tells a farmer when to irrigate and roughly how much, using the FAO-56 crop water balance method, open weather forecasts and a few facts about the field (crop, sowing date, soil type). No sensors needed. The project checks the advice against a published crop model and shows how much water the schedule saves compared with a fixed calendar.
Sentence-Level Groundedness Checker for RAG Answers with Human-Calibrated Thresholds
RAG apps cite sources, but a citation does not prove the sentence next to it is supported. Build a drop-in checker that splits each answer into claims, checks every claim against the retrieved passages with a natural language inference model and an LLM judge, highlights unsupported sentences in the UI, and sets its thresholds from human labels rather than guesses. Test it on English and Urdu answers.
Team-Wide MCP Configuration Inventory and Least-Privilege Auditor
Developers now plug MCP servers into Claude, Cursor, VS Code and other AI tools with a few lines of config, often with a full-access GitHub token, a whole home folder as the filesystem root, and an unpinned package run with npx. Build an auditor that collects MCP configurations across a team's machines, inventories every server and credential, scores each against least-privilege rules, and proposes a tighter config.
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